Beyond Zero Radio

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Beyond Zero talks to Dr Amory Lovins Founder and Chief Scientist of the Rocky Mountain institute. The Rocky Mountains Institute is about Abundance by Design. Formerly working with FoE in the UK, Dr Lovins has become a world leading expert in efficiency and renewable energy. The institute, while still advocating efficient use of resources especially energy, now also devotes itself to creating the lowest possible carbon outcomes. An interesting and thought provoking interview.

INTERVIEW NOTES

In 1982, Amory set up the Rocky Mountains Institute (RMI), with his then wife Hunter, as an independent entrepreneurial public charity – a think tank for creating abundance by design, working with the private sector on advanced energy and resource efficiency.

Amory was asked whether he felt positive about Barak Obama. In his response he made it clear that RMI was apolitical and non-partisan. Nevertheless he recognised there to be a strong resonance between Obama’s policies and what RMI is doing. He believes his appointments have been good and that he will do well moving towards more efficient use of energy and benign supplies.

Currently approx 70% of US electricity is made from fossil fuel. 46% of this is coal, producing 92% of carbon emissions. It is profitable to switch off coal to a combination of efficiency, some gas-fired heat and power and distributable renewables. Amory pointed out that US rules and practices favour the incumbent monopolists but that this was going to change to allow for full and fair competition. We will then see a dramatic switch from central thermal power stations to ‘negawatt’ and micropower.

‘Negawatt’ is a watt saved by more efficient or timely use.

Amory spoke about a company in Indiana run by John Waters where they have developed a plug-in hybrid vehicle described by him as “light and slippery”, needing smaller and cheaper batteries. The company works on a business model and has “real customers and a supply chain”. The vehicle is a sports utility vehicle which although it only weighs about 860kg, it is safer than other vehicles weighing twice its weight. It therefore saves on fuel and still the car costs the same to make. It uses 3.6 litres/100km (2.6 lites/100km on a hydrogen fuel cell).

He suggested checking out the Toyota concept car (2007) – the 1/x which has an interior volume of the Prius Hybrid but only half the fuel use and a third of the weight. It is made of carbon fibre, has an internal combustion engine (under the seat) and passes crash standards.

Asked about advanced materials production and propulsion, Amory suggested googling ‘morefightlessfuel’ to read the Defense Science Board Report. He stated that the Pentagon spends 1/3 of its budget “moving things around”, calling this logistics. About 70% of what is moved is fuel, 1/2 of casualties are associated with fuel convoys anf then much fuel is wasted.

Now that fuel is more costly, competition is greater amongst contractors so they are making the land, sea and air platforms fuel efficient. These efficiencies will spin off to the civilian sector as did the military inventions of the internet, microchip, jet energy and the global positioning system (GPS).

BZE then asked Amory whether business, as well as the military, valued saved energy.

Amory responded by saying that smart businesses are cutting their energy intensity by 6-16% per annum by fixing up what they’ve got because they understand that efficiency gives the highest returns for the lowest risk investment.

Further examples are given by the RMI projects where in 29 industrial sectors, 30-60% energy savings are made with paybacks in two to three years just by fixing up the old plants.

Asked about industrial design, Amory spoke of an industrial pumping system which saved 92% of pumping energy and reduced construction cost by using fat, straight pipes instead of thin, long, crooked pipes. The latter piping is merely based on good Victorian engineering. Fatter pipes require smaller pumps and fans thus enabling huge savings. It is clearly important to improve upon how engineering is taught.

With regard to electricity supply, Amory said that low carbon sources of power (wind and solar) are better than large centralised sources (uranium, coal etc) and had lower financial risks. Numerous diverse sources makes supply more reliable and resilient because they are mostly on at the same time and if one fails it is not so dramatic.

Amory was also asked about the refit of his home which was designed originally in the early 80s. The efficiencies then in place saved on 90% of household electricity and paid for themselves in the first ten months. Now, twenty five years later, he is retrofitting with the design goal of taking as much carbon out of the air as possible by having a fossil fuel-free house (in the minus 44 degree celsius Rockies!).

As he says, the new technologies are astonishing!

Try them!

And check out rmi.org

And go to oilendgame.com to download the book by Amory Lovins and E.Kyle Datta, Winning the Oil End Game. It’s free!

Toyota concept car

Electric car/train

Lovin's public lectures

Winning the Oil End Game

Rocky Mountain Institute